About Treatise on Companies Act, 2013 by V.S. Wahi
Volume 1
Introduction and Principles of Interpretation
Introduction
1. Meaning of Company
2. Corporation
3. Corporation Aggregate
4. Body Corporate
5. Various Types of Companies
(1) Company Limited by Shares
(2) Company limited by guarantee
(3) Private Company
(4) Public Company
(5) One Person Company
(6) Unlimited Company
(7) Dormant Company
(8) Small Company
(9) Foreign Company
6. Attributes of Company
7. Citizenship and Domicile of Company
8. Corporate Criminal Liability
9. Company capacity to sue and be sued
10. Evolution of English Company Law
11. Evolution of Company Law in India
12. The Companies Act, 1913
13. The Companies Act, 1956
14. Amendments to the Companies Act, 1956
15. The Companies Act, 2013
16. The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2015
17. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
18. The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2017
19. Finance Act, 2017
20. The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2019
21. The Companies (Amendment) Act, 2020
22. Tribunal Reforms Act, 2021
23. Mediation Act, 2023
Principles of Interpretation
24. Interpretation of statute
25. Literal interpretation rule
26. Plain meaning rule
27. Rule of contextual construction
28. Statute to be so construed to make it effective and workable
29. Rule of harmonious construction
30. Mischief Rule
31. Rule of purposive interpretation
32. Doctrine of ‘Reading in and Reading out’ and ‘Reading Down’
33. Rule of Contemporanea expositio
34. Rule of ejusdem generis
35. Reference to repealed enactments
36. Judicially interpreted words
37. Meaning of word ‘any’
38. “As the case may be” — Meaning
39. “As far as may be” — Meaning
40. Dictionary Meaning
41. Inclusive definition
42. Absence of definition
43. Restrictive definition
44. Extended definition
45. Deeming provision
46. Directory or Mandatory provision
47. Explanation
48. Heading
49. Identical meaning
50. Legal Fiction
51. Marginal Notes
52. Minister’s Speech
53. Mutatis Mutandis
54. Non-obstante clause
55. Pari materia
56. Parliamentary debates and Minister’s statement
57. Per Incuriam
58. Preamble
59. Proviso
60. Punctuation marks
61. ‘Save as otherwise provided by or under this Act’ — Meaning
62. Schedules
63. Shall — Meaning thereof
64. Without prejudice
65. Object of a statute
66. “Unless the context otherwise requires” — Meaning
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1. Short title, extent, commencement and application
2. Definitions
CHAPTER II
INCORPORATION OF COMPANY AND
MATTERS INCIDENTAL THERETO
3. Formation of company
3A. Members severally liable in certain cases
4. Memorandum
5. Articles
6. Act to over-ride memorandum, articles, etc.
7. Incorporation of company
8. Formation of companies with charitable objects, etc.
9. Effect of registration
10. Effect of memorandum and articles
10A. Commencement of business, etc.
11. Commencement of business, etc [Omitted by Companies (Amendment) Act, 2015, w.e.f. 29-5-2015]
12. Registered office of company
13. Alteration of memorandum
14. Alteration of articles
15. Alteration of memorandum or articles to be noted in every copy
16. Rectification of name of company
17. Copies of memorandum, articles, etc., to be given to members
18. Conversion of companies already registered
19. Subsidiary company not to hold shares in its holding company
20. Service of documents
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